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AARON [EHR un] — brother of Moses and first high priest of the Hebrew nation. Very little is known about Aaron's early life, other than his marriage to Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab (
AARON'S ROD — a rod mentioned on two dramatic occasions in the Old Testament. When Moses and Aaron appeared before Pharaoh, Aaron cast down his rod and it became a serpent. When the magicians of Egypt did the same thing, &ldqu...
AARONITES [EHR un ites] — the descendants of Aaron and therefore a part of the priestly tribe of Levi. Led by Jehoida, 3,700 Aaronites fought with David against Saul after David was made king (
ABADDON [ah BAD un] (destruction) — a term found only once in most English translations of the Bible (Rev. 9:11). Abaddon is a translite...
ABANAH [AB ah nah] — the chief river of Damascus. The Abanah flowed through the center of the city. With the Pharpar, it supplied an abundance of water, making the country around it a beautiful and fertile spot. When Naaman th...
ABARIM [AB ah rim] (regions beyond) — a range of mountains east of the Dead Sea and the Jordan River valley. Mount Nebo was part of this mountain range. These mountains gave a panoramic view of the surrounding country...
ABBA [AB ah] (father) — an Aramaic word that corresponds to our “Daddy” or “Papa.” It is found three times in the New Testament: in the Garden of Gethsemane, Jesus prayed, “Abba, Father&r...
ABDA [AB dah] (servant or worshiper) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. The father of Adoniram, Solomon's officer in charge of the labor force (
ABDEEL [AB dih ell] (servant of God) — the father of Shelemiah, who was commanded by Jehoiakim, king of Judah, to arrest Jeremiah the prophet and Baruch the scribe (
ABDI [AB dih] (servant of the Lord) — the name of two or three men in the Old Testament:
1. A Levite of the family of Merari; he was the son of Malluch and the father of Kishi (
ABDIEL [AB dih ell] (servant of God) — a man of the tribe of Gad who lived “in Gilead, in Bashan” (1 Chr. 5:15).
ABDON [AB done] (service) — a name given to one city and four men:
1. A Levitical city in Asher (Josh. 21:30;
ABED–NEGO [uh BED knee goe] (servant of Nebo) — the Chaldean name given to Azariah in King Nebuchadnezzar's court when he was chosen as one of the king's servants (
ABED–NEGO [uh BED knee goe] (servant of Nebo) — the Chaldean name given to Azariah in King Nebuchadnezzar's court when he was chosen as one of the king's servants (
ABEL [A buhl] (breath, vapor) — the name of a person and two places in the Old Testament:
1. The second son of Adam and Eve (Gen. 4:2
ABEL ACACIA GROVE [A bell a KAY shuh grove] — a site northeast of the Dead Sea in the plains of Moab, also called Acacia Grove. It was here that the Israelites camped just before crossing the Jordan and entering the Promised L...
ABEL BETH MAACHAH [A bell beth MAY uh kah] (meadow of the house of Maachah) — a fortified town near the town of Dan in the area of the tribe of Naphtali. It was attacked by Ben– Hadad (
ABEL CHERAMIM [A bell CARE uh meem] — a form of ABEL KERAMIM.
ABEL KERAMIM [A bell CARE uh meem] (meadow of vineyards) — a city east of the Jordan River and northeast of the Dead Sea. Abel Keramim was the farthest extent of Jephthah's military campaign against the Ammonites (
ABEL MAIM [A bell im] — a city in northern Israel (2 Chr. 16:4; Abel-mayim, REB), usually called ABEL BETH MA...
ABEL MAYIM — a form of ABEL MAIM.
ABEL MEHOLAH [A bell me HOE lah] (meadow of dancing) — a town east of the Jordan River in the hill country of Gilead. It was the residence (and perhaps also the birthplace) of Elisha the prophet (
ABEL MIZRAIM [A bell MIZ ray ihm] (see ATAD).
ABEL SHITTIM [A bell SHIT tihm] — a form of ABEL ACACIA GROVE.
ABEZ [A bez] — a town in northern Canaan allotted to the tribe of Issachar (Josh. 19:20; Ebez, NASB, REB, NIV, NRSV).
ABI [a BEE] (my father) — a daughter of Zechariah, wife of Ahaz, and mother of King Hezekiah of Judah (2 Kin. 18:2). Abi is also calle...
ABIASAPH [a BY uh saf] (father has gathered) — a son or descendant of Korah the Levite (Ex. 6:24). It is unclear whether he was the sa...
ABIATHAR [a BY uh thar] (father of abundance) — one of two chief priests in the court of David. Abiathar was the son of Ahimelech of the priestly clan of Eli from Shiloh (
ABIB [A bibb] (sprouting or budding) — one of the months of the Hebrew calendar (corresponding to our March–April). On the 15th of this month, the people of Israel left Egypt. Abib was made the first mo...
ABIDA, ABIDAH [uh BY duh] (father of knowledge) — the fourth son of Midian, who was the fourth son of Abraham and Keturah (Gen. 25:4;
ABIDA, ABIDAH [uh BY duh] (father of knowledge) — the fourth son of Midian, who was the fourth son of Abraham and Keturah (Gen. 25:4;
ABIDA, ABIDAH [uh BY duh] (father of knowledge) — the fourth son of Midian, who was the fourth son of Abraham and Keturah (Gen. 25:4;
ABIDAN [uh BY duhn] (my father is judge) — a son of Gideoni and the leader of the Benjamites who represented his tribe when the census was taken during the wilderness wandering (
ABIEL [A bih ell] (my God is father) — the name of two Old Testament men:
1. An ancestor of Saul, the first king of Israel (1 Sam. 9:1...
ABIEZER [a bih EE zur] (father of help) — two Old Testament men bear this consoling name:
1. The son of Hammoleketh (Josh. 17:2;...
ABIEZRITE [a bih EZ rite] (belonging to Abiezer) — a person who belonged to the family of ABIEZER (Judg. 6:11...
ABIGAIL [AB ih gale] (father of joy) — one or two Old Testament women had this delightful name:
1. Wife of Nabal the Carmelite and, after his death, of David (
ABIHAIL [AB ih hail] (father of strength) — the name of three men and two women in the Old Testament:
1. A Levite and the father of Zuriel in the time of Moses (
ABIHU [a BIH hoo] (he is my father) — second son of Aaron and Elisheba (Ex. 6:23). Abihu was destroyed, along with his brother
ABIHUD [a BIH hud] (father of honor) — a son of Bela, who was the oldest son of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:3).
ABIJAH [a BUY jah] (the Lord is my Father) — the name of eight people in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Jeroboam who died in youth, in fulfillment of the prophecy of Abijah (
ABIJAM [a BUY jam] (the sea is my father) — a king of Judah and son of Rehoboam and Maacah the daughter of Absalom. When King Rehoboam died, Abijam succeeded to Judah's throne. He had 14 wives, 22 sons, and 16 daughte...
ABILENE [ab uh LEE knee] (region of Abila) — a district near the Anti-Lebanon Mountains. It derived its name from Abila, its capital, which was located on the Abanah (modern Barada) River some 29 to 32 kilometers (18 ...
ABIMAEL [ah BIM uh ell] (my Father is God) — the ninth of the 13 sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem (Gen. 10:28;
ABIMELECH [uh BIM eh leck] (my father is king) — the name of five men in the Old Testament:
1. The king of Gerar in the time of Abraham (
ABINADAB [uh BIN a dab] — the name of four Old Testament men:
1. An Israelite of the tribe of Judah in whose house the ARK OF THE COVENANT was placed after being returned by the Phil...
ABINOAM [ah BIN oh am] (father of pleasantness) — the father of Barak of the tribe of Naphtali (Judg. 4:6;
ABIRAM [ah BY ram] (my father is exalted) — the name of two people in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Eliab, a Reubenite, who joined in the rebellion of KORAH and conspired a...
ABISHAG [AB ih shag] — a young woman from Shunem employed by David's physicians to care for him in his old age (1 Kin. 1:1–4
ABISHAI [ah BISH a eye] — the oldest son of Zeruiah, David's half-sister, and brother of Joab and Asahel (2 Sam. 2:18). He was one of David's m...
ABISHALOM [ah BISH ah lom] — a form of ABSALOM (see 1 Kin. 15:2,
ABISHUA [ah BISH you ah] (father of salvation) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. The son of Phinehas and the fourth high priest of Israel (
ABISHUR [ah BY shur] (my father is a wall) — the second son of Shammai, of the tribe of Judah (1 Chr. 2:28–29
ABITAL [ah BY tuhl] (father of dew) — a wife of King David and the mother of Shephatiah, the fifth son born to David while he was at Hebron (2 Sam. 3...
ABITUB [ah BY tub] (my father is good) — a descendant of Benjamin listed in the family tree of King Saul (1 Chr. 8:11).
ABIUD [ah BY ud] — an ancestor of Jesus, listed in the Gospel of Matthew (Matt. 1:13).
ABNER [AB nar] (the father is a lamp) — the commander-in-chief of the army of Saul, first king of the nation of Israel (1 S...
ABOMINATION — anything that offends the spiritual, religious, or moral sense of a person and causes extreme disgust, hatred, or loathing. Among the objects described as an “abomination” were the carved images of pa...
ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION — a despicable misuse of the Temple of the Lord during a time of great trouble—an event foretold by the prophet Daniel.
The phrase is found in
ABRAHAM [AY bruh ham] (father of a multitude); originally Abram (exalted father) — the first great PATRIARCH of ancient Israel and a primary model of faithfulness for Chr...
ABRONAH [a BROH nah] — one of the encampments of the Israelites in the wilderness (Num. 33:34; Ebronah, KJV).
ABSALOM [AB suh lum] (father of peace) — the arrogant and vain son of David who tried to take the kingship from his father by force.
Absalom was David's third son by Maacah, the daughter of the king of
ABSALOM'S MONUMENT — a pillar or monument that Absalom set up for himself in the King's Valley (2 Sam. 18:18; Absalom's place, KJV). What a c...
ABSOLUTION — a formal release from sins, pronounced by a priest as, for example, in the sacrament of penance (Roman Catholic Church). Absolution is an ecclesiastical term, not found in the Bible, which proclaims the atoning wo...
ABSTINENCE — the voluntary, self-imposed, and deliberate denial of certain pleasures, such as food, drink, and sex. The noun “abstinence” is found only once in the KJV (
ABYSS [ah BISS] — the bottomless pit or the chaotic deep. Sumerian in origin, the term referred to a deep mass of waters surrounding the earth. Darkness is said to have been on the face of the deep or abyss (
ABEL ACACIA GROVE [A bell a KAY shuh grove] — a site northeast of the Dead Sea in the plains of Moab, also called Acacia Grove. It was here that the Israelites camped just before crossing the Jordan and entering the Promised L...
ACACIA GROVE [uh KAY shuh] — a form of ABEL ACACIA GROVE.
ACACIAS, VALLEY OF [uh KAY shuhs] — a dry valley where only the acacia tree can grow (Joel 3:18). According to Joel's prophecy, in the end time...
ACACIAS, VALLEY OF [uh KAY shuhs] — a dry valley where only the acacia tree can grow (Joel 3:18). According to Joel's prophecy, in the end time...
ACCAD [ACK add] — one of four cities built by Nimrod in the land of Shinar—which were “the beginning of his kingdom” (Gen. 10:10
ACCEPT — to receive or treat with favor. In the Bible, a person is accepted by the grace, mercy, or covenant-love of God through faith and repentance.
When the Bible mentions individuals being accepted by God, offerings ...
ACCESS — the privilege of having an audience with one's superior. Access to God is that positive, friendly relationship with the Father in which we have confidence that we are pleasing and acceptable to Him. Jesus is the &ldqu...
ACCO [ACK coe] — a city of Canaan on the Mediterranean coast about 40 kilometers (25 miles) south of Tyre and about 15 kilometers (9 miles) north of Mount Carmel (see Map 3, B–2). Si...
ACCOMMODATION — the process by which God adapts His revelation of Himself to the thought systems of the human mind so we can understand something of who He is and how He does His work.
God made the world a fit place for ...
ACCOUNTABILITY — the biblical principle that we are answerable to our Maker for our thoughts, words, and deeds. The Bible plainly teaches that “the whole world [is] accountable to God” (
ACCURSED — under a curse, doomed; anything on which a curse has been pronounced, such as the city of Jericho (Josh. 6:17–18
ACHAIA [ah KAY yah] — in Roman times, the name for the whole of Greece, except Thessaly (see Map 7, B–2). The Romans gave the region this name when they captured Corinth and destroye...
ACHAICUS [uh KAY ih cus] (belonging to Achaia) — a Christian of Corinth who, along with Stephanas and Fortunatus, visited the apostle Paul at Ephesus and refreshed his spirit (
ACHAN [A kinn] — son of Carmi of the tribe of Judah who unintentionally brought about the Israelites’ defeat at Ai (Josh. 7:1,
ACHBOR [ACK bor] (mouse) — the name of two or three men in the Old Testament:
1. The father of Baal–Hanan (Gen. 36:31,
ACHIM [A kem] — an ancestor of Joseph the husband of Mary (Matt. 1:14), listed in the genealogy of Jesus (
ACHISH [A kish] — a king of the Philistine city of Gath, to whom David fled for refuge when King Saul sought his life (1 Sam. 21:10&...
ACHMETHA [AK mee thah] — the capital of the empire of the Medes. Later it became one of the capitals of the Persian and Parthian Empires. Achmetha was surrounded by seven concentric walls; since the city was built on a hill, t...
ACHOR [A kore] (trouble) — a valley near Jericho where Achan was stoned to death during the time of Joshua (Josh. 7:24,
ACHSAH [ACK sah] — the only daughter of Caleb (1 Chr. 2:49; Achsa, KJV). Caleb promised Achsah in marriage to anyone who would capture the city...
ACHSHAPH [ACK shaf] — a Canaanite city situated in the northern part of the territory conquered by Joshua (Josh. 11:1;
ACHZIB [ACK zib] (falsehood) — the name of two towns in Israel:
1. A town in the Shephelah, the lowland of western Judah (Josh. 15:44
ACROPOLIS [uh CROP oh lis] (topmost city) — an elevated, fortified part of an ancient Greek city, such as Athens, Philippi, and Corinth. The Acropolis of Athens, the most famous acropolis of all ancient cities, was lo...
ACROSTIC — a literary device by which sets of letters (such as the first letter of a line) are taken in order to form a word, phrase, or a regular sequence of letters of the alphabet.
The ancient Hebrews realized the imp...
ACTS OF THE APOSTLES — the one historical book of the New Testament, which traces the development of the early church after the ascension of Jesus. Standing between the Gospels and the Epistles, the Book of Acts is a bridge be...
ACTS, APOCRYPHAL (see APOCRYPHA).
ADADAH [ADD a dah] — a city in southern Judah (Josh. 15:22) “toward the border of Edom” (v.
ADAIAH [a DYE yuh] (the Lord has adorned) — the name of eight or nine men in the Old Testament:
1. A man of Bozcath whose daughter Jedidah was the mother of King Josiah of Israel (
ADALIA [uh DAY lyuh] — one of the ten sons of Haman who were hanged like their father (Esth. 9:8–10).
ADAM [ADD um] (red, ground) — the name of a man and a city in the Old Testament:
1. The first man, created by God on the sixth day of creation, and placed in the Garden of Eden (
ADAM AND EVE, BOOK OF (see PSEUDEPIGRAPHA).
ADAM AND EVE, BOOK OF (see PSEUDEPIGRAPHA).
ADAMAH [AD uh mah] (earth) — a fortified city in the territory of Naphtali. It was near Chinnereth and Ramah (Josh. 19:35&n...
ADAMANT (see JEWELS AND PRECIOUS STONES).
ADAMI NEKEB [AD ah me NEH keb] (Adam of the pass) — a place in lower Galilee on the border of Naphtali (Josh. 19:33).
ADAMI NEKEB [AD ah me NEH keb] (Adam of the pass) — a place in lower Galilee on the border of Naphtali (Josh. 19:33).
ADAR [A dar] (cloudy) — the name of a city and a month:
1. A town in southern Judah (Josh. 15:3), also called
ADBEEL [AD bee el] — the third of the 12 sons of Ishmael (Gen. 25:13). Adbeel is also believed by scholars to be the name of an Arabian tribe l...
ADDAN [ADD un] — an unidentified place in Babylonia from which returning captives came with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (Ezra 2:59; Addon,
ADDAR [ad DAR] (cloudy) — a son of Bela and the grandson of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:3), also called ARD...
ADDAX, ADDER (see ANIMALS OF THE BIBLE).
ADDAX, ADDER (see ANIMALS OF THE BIBLE).
ADDAX, ADDER (see ANIMALS OF THE BIBLE).
ADDI [AD ee] — an ancestor of Joseph listed in the genealogy of Jesus Christ (Luke 3:28). Addi is the Greek form of
DANIEL, APOCRYPHAL ADDITIONS TO (see APOCRYPHA, THE.).
ADIEL [A dih el] (ornament of God) — the name of three men in the Old Testament:
1. One of the family heads of the tribe of Simeon in the time of Hezekiah (
ADIN [A dun] — the father and ancestor of a family known as “the people of Adin” (Ezra 2:15), “the sons of Adin” (
ADINA [AD uh nah] (ornament) — the son of Shiza the Reubenite and one of David's mighty men (1 Chr. 11:42).
ADINO [AD ih noe] — the name given to JOSHEB-BASSHEBETH the Tachmonite, chief captain of David's mighty men. He was given the name Adino the Eznite “because he had killed 800 men at ...
ADITHAIM [ad ih THAY em] — a city in the Shephelah, or lowland, of Judah (Josh. 15:33,
ADJURATION — an earnest urging or advising; the action by which a person in authority imposes the obligations of an OATH upon another. Some of those who adjured others were King Saul, King...
ADLAI [AD lay] — the father of Shaphat, a chief herdsman (1 Chr. 27:29) in the time of David.
ADMAH [AD muh] (red earth) — one of the CITIES OF THE PLAIN, destroyed with Sodom, Gomorrah, and the other cities (...
ADMATHA [AD mah thah] — a high Persian official at Shushan, one of seven princes “who had access to the king's presence” (Esth. 1:14
ADNA [AD nuh] (pleasure) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Pahath–Moab who divorced his pagan wife (Ezra 10:30
ADONI–BEZEK [a DAWN ih BEE zek] (lord of Bezek) — a king of Bezek, which was located in the territory allotted to Judah. After he was captured by the men of Judah and Simeon, his thumbs and big toes were cut off...
ADONI–ZEDEK [a DAWN ih ZEH deck] (my lord is righteousness) — one of the five kings of the Amorites who fought against Joshua at Gibeon (
ADONI–BEZEK [a DAWN ih BEE zek] (lord of Bezek) — a king of Bezek, which was located in the territory allotted to Judah. After he was captured by the men of Judah and Simeon, his thumbs and big toes were cut off...
ADONIJAH [add oh NYE juh] (the Lord is my Lord) — the name of three men in the Old Testament:
1. The fourth of the six sons born to David while he was at Hebron (
ADONIKAM [ad oh NYE kum] (my lord has risen) — an Israelite whose descendants returned to Palestine from Babylonia after the Captivity (Ezra 2:13
ADONIRAM [ad oh NYE rum] (my Lord is exalted) — the son of Abda and an officer under kings David, Solomon, and Rehoboam. David placed Adoniram “in charge of revenue” (
ADONI–ZEDEK [a DAWN ih ZEH deck] (my lord is righteousness) — one of the five kings of the Amorites who fought against Joshua at Gibeon (
ADOPTION — the act of taking voluntarily a child of other parents as one's own child; in a theological sense, the act of God's grace by which sinful people are brought into his redeemed family.
In the New Testament, the ...
ADORAIM [ad oh RAY em] — a city in southwest Judah rebuilt and fortified by Rehoboam, son of Solomon (2 Chr. 11:5,
ADORATION — the act of worship, of paying honor, reverence, and obedience to God. The word adoration does not occur in most English versions of the Bible (such as the KJV, NKJV, and NRSV), but the concept of adoration as worsh...
ADORN — to decorate or beautify. In the New Testament, the Temple (Luke 21:5), the monuments of the righteous (
ADRAMMELECH [a DRAM uh leck] — the name of a pagan god and a man in the Old Testament:
1. A pagan god to whom the colonists of Samaria sacrificed their children (
ADRAMYTTIUM [add rah MITT ee um] — an important seaport of the Roman province of Asia, situated in northwestern Asia Minor, in what is modern Turkey. As a prisoner, Paul boarded “a ship of Adramyttium” (
ADRIATIC [a drih AT ick] — a name for the central part of the Mediterranean Sea south of Italy (see Map 7, B–1). It is mentioned in Luke's account of Paul's voyage to Rome (
ADRIEL [A drih el] (God is my help) — a son of Barzillai the Meholathite, of the tribe of Issachar. Adriel was also the husband of Merab, the daughter of King Saul, who was given to Adriel in marriage (
ADULLAM [a DULL um] — the name of a city (see Map 3, A–4) and a cave:
1. A city in the Shephelah, or lowland, of Judah, situated southwest of Jerusalem (
ADULLAMITE [a DULL uh mite] — a person from ADULLAM. The only Adullamite mentioned in the Bible is Hirah, a friend of Judah (
ADULTERY — willful sexual intercourse with someone other than one's husband or wife. Jesus expanded the meaning of adultery to include the cultivation of lust: “Whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already commit...
ADUMMIM [a DUM em] — a pass leading down from the hill country surrounding Jerusalem to the lowlands of Jericho and the Jordan River valley near the boundary between Benjamin and Judah. Jesus’ parable of the Good Samarita...
ADVENT, SECOND (see ESCHATOLOGY; SECOND COMING).
ADVENT, SECOND (see ESCHATOLOGY; SECOND COMING).
ADVERSARY — one who opposes or hinders another. In the Bible, this word is often used of SATAN, the adversary of God and His plan of righteousness and redemption in the world. Since his fa...
ADVOCATE — one who pleads another's cause before a tribunal or judicial court. The word “advocate” is found only once in the NKJV: “If anyone sins, we have an Advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righte...
AENEAS [ee NEE us] — a paralyzed man at Lydda healed by Peter (Acts 9:34–35).
AENON [EE none] (springs) — a place in Palestine near Salim, where John the Baptist was baptizing at the time of Jesus’ ministry in Judea (
AFFLICTION — any condition or problem that produces suffering or pain. The Bible speaks of two types of affliction—suffering that represents God's judgment on sin (
AFTERNOON — literally, the declining of the day (Judg. 19:8), beginning about 4:00 p.m. Also see CALENDAR...
AGABUS [AG uh bus] — a Christian prophet of Jerusalem who went to Antioch of Syria while Paul and Barnabas were there, and “showed by the Spirit that there was going to be a great famine throughout all the world” (...
AGAG [A gag] — the name of two kings in the Old Testament:
1. The king of the Amalekites mentioned by Balaam (Num. 24:7).
2. A king o...
AGAGITE [A gah gite] (belonging to Agag) — a term of contempt used of Haman, the enemy of the Jews (Esth. 3:1;
AGAPE [ah GAH pay] — a Greek word for love used often in the New Testament (John 13:35;
AGATE (see JEWELS AND PRECIOUS STONES).
AGE — an aeon; a specified period of time during which certain related events come to pass. As used in the New Testament, age generally refers to the present era, as opposed to the future age. According to the apostle Paul, Sa...
AGEE [A ghee] — a Hararite, the father of one of David's mighty men (2 Sam. 23:11).
AGORA [ah GOE ruh] — the Greek word for MARKETPLACE (Acts 16:19). The agora was a large open space, oft...
AGRAPHA [AG rah fuh] (unwritten things) — statements supposedly made by Jesus that are not included in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John or referred to anywhere else in the New Testament.
Jesus must ha...
AGRICULTURE — the science, art, and business of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock; farming. Israel's society remained basically agricultural throughout biblical times. Although cities and towns devel...
AGRIPPA I [a GRIP uh] — Roman ruler of Galilee and eventual ruler of the territory previously governed by his grandfather, Herod the Great. Agrippa persecuted the Christians in Jerusalem (
AGRIPPA I [a GRIP uh] — Roman ruler of Galilee and eventual ruler of the territory previously governed by his grandfather, Herod the Great. Agrippa persecuted the Christians in Jerusalem (
AGRIPPA II [a GRIP uh] — son of Herod Agrippa I and great-grandson of Herod the Great. He was appointed by the Roman Emperor Claudius as ruler of Abilene, part of Galilee, Iturea, and Trachonitis. Shortly before the apostle Pa...
AGUE (see DISEASES OF THE BIBLE).
AGUR [A ghur] — a son of Jakeh and one of the writers of the book of Proverbs (Prov. 30:1). His celebrated prayer (
AHAB [A hab] (father is brother) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. The son of Omri and the seventh king of Israel (1 Kin. 16:3...
AHARAH [a HAR uh] — Benjamin's third son (1 Chr. 8:1). He is also called Ehi (
AHARHEL [a HAR hell] — a son of Harum and the founder of a family included in the tribe of Judah (1 Chr. 4:8).
AHASBAI [a HAS bih] — the father of one of David's mighty men (2 Sam. 23:34).
AHASUERUS [ah has you EH rus] (mighty man) — the name of two kings in the Old Testament:
1. A king of Persia and the husband of the Jewess ESTHER. Scholars generally agree t...
AHAVA [a HAH vuh] — a town in Babylonia situated near a small river or canal of the same name. Ezra and his companions camped for three days on the banks of this stream as they prepared for the long journey to Jerusalem (
AHAZ [A haz] — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Jotham and the 11th king of Judah (2 Kin. 15:38;
AHAZ, DIAL OF (see DIAL OF AHAZ; SUN).
AHAZIAH [a huh ZIE uh] (the Lord sustains) — the name of two kings in the Old Testament:
1. The son and successor of Ahab and the ninth king of Israel (
AHBAN [AH bun] (brother of an intelligent one) — a son of Abishur and Abihail, in the genealogy of Jerahmeel (1 Chr. 2:29).
AHER [A hehr] (one who is behind) — a descendant of Benjamin (1 Chr. 7:12). His name may be a contraction of Ahiram (
AHI [A high] (my brother) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Abdiel, of the tribe of Gad (1 Chr. 5:15).
...AHIAM [a HIGH um] — one of David's mighty men, a son of Sharar (2 Sam. 23:33) the Hararite.
AHIAN [A HIGH un] — a son of Shemida, of the tribe of Manasseh (1 Chr. 7:19).
AHIEZER [ah hih EE zur] (brother of help) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Ammishaddai and head of the tribe of Dan at the time of Israel's wandering in the wilderness (
AHIHUD [a HIGH hud] (brother of honor) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. A prince from the tribe of Asher who helped divide the land of Canaan (
AHIJAH [a HIGH juh] (my brother is the Lord) — the name of nine men in the Old Testament:
1. The performer of high-priestly functions at Gibeah during part of Saul's reign (
AHIKAM [a HIGH kumm] (my brother has risen) — a son of Shaphan and an officer in King Josiah's court. He was a member of the delegation sent by Josiah to the prophetess Huldah (
AHILUD [a HIGH lud] (a brother is born) — the father of Jehoshaphat, “secretary of state” (REB) or “recorder” for David and Solomon (
AHIMAAZ [a HIM a az] (powerful brother) — the name of two or three men in the Old Testament:
1. The father of Saul's wife, Ahinoam (1 Sam. ...
AHIMAN [a HIGH mun] — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. One of the three descendants of the Anakim (Num. 13:22;
AHIMELECH [a HIM eh leck] (my brother is king) — the name of two men in the Old Testament:
1. A high priest at Nob who helped David when he fled from King Saul (
AHIMOTH [a HIGH moth] (brother of death) — a son of the Levite Elkanah (1 Chr. 6:25).
AHINADAB [a HIN uh dab] (brother of liberality) — a son of Iddo and one of Solomon's 12 supply officers (1 Kin. 4:14).
AHINOAM [a HIN oh am] (my brother is delight) — the name of one or two women in the Old Testament:
1. A daughter of Ahimaaz and a wife of King Saul (
AHIO [a HIGH oh] (his brother) — the name of three men in the Old Testament:
1. Abinadab's son and Uzzah's brother (2 Sam. 6:...
AHIRA [a HIGH ruh] — a son of Enan and leader of the tribe of Naphtali in the wilderness. Ahiram was one of the heads of the 12 tribes who helped Moses take a census shortly after the Exodus (
AHIRAM [a HIGH rum] (my brother is exalted) — the third son of Benjamin and the founder of a family called the AHIRAMITES (
AHIRAMITES [a HIGH rum ites] — descendants of AHIRAM.
AHISAMACH [a HIS ah mack] (my brother sustains) — a man of the tribe of Dan and a craftsman who worked on the tabernacle (Ex. 31:6).
AHISHAHAR [a HISH ah har] (brother of the dawn) — according to 1 Chronicles 7:10, a son of Bilhan, a grandson of Jediael, and a great-...
AHISHAR [a HIGH shar] (brother of song) — an official or servant of King Solomon (1 Kin. 4:6).
AHITHOPHEL [a HITH oh fell] (brother of folly) — one of David's counselors who assisted Absalom in his revolt. When Absalom rebelled against David, Ahithophel apparently believed his own popularity would bring success...
AHITUB [a HIGH tuhb] (my brother is goodness) — the name of three men in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Phinehas and grandson of Eli. Ahitub probably became high priest upon his grandfather's death (
AHLAB [A lub] — a town of Asher. The Israelites failed to dislodge Asher's Canaanite inhabitants (Judg. 1:31).
AHLAI [A lih] — the name of two people in the Old Testament:
1. One of several daughters of Sheshan (1 Chr. 2:31) and a descendant of Per...
AHOAH [a HOE uh] — a son of Bela in the genealogy of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:4). Ahoah is called Ahijah in
AHOHITE [a HOE hite] — a term for the descendants of Ahoah (1 Chr. 8:4). This tribe had a flair for military affairs (
AHOLIAB [a HOE lih ab] (tent of the father) — a son of Ahisamach of the tribe of Dan. During the time of Moses, he was chosen to work with Bezaleel and other craftsmen in preparing the furniture of the tabernacle (
AHOLIBAMAH [a HOE lih BAH muh] (tent of the high place) — the name of one man and one woman in the Old Testament:
1. A wife of Esau (Gen. 36:5
AHUMAI [a HUE mih] — a son of Jahath and a descendant of Judah (1 Chr. 4:2).
AHUZZAM [a HUZ um] (possessing) — a son of Ashhur and Naarah in the genealogy of Judah (1 Chr. 4:6; Ahuzam, KJV).
AHUZZATH [a HUZZ ath] — a friend of Abimelech, who was “King of Gerar” (Gen. 20:2) or “King of the Philistines” (
AHZAI [A zih] (the Lord has seized) — a priest who lived in Jerusalem in Ezra's time (Neh. 11:13; Ahasai, KJV).
AI [A eye] (the ruin) — the name of two cities in the Old Testament:
1. A Canaanite city (see Map 3, B–4) (
AIAH [a EYE ah] (falcon) — the father of Rizpah, a concubine of King Saul (2 Sam. 3:7). Two of his grandsons were hanged by King David t...
AIJALON [A juh lon] (place of deer) — the name of two cities in Israel:
1. A city in the Shephelah, the lowlands west of Jerusalem (see Map 3, A–4). It belonged to the...
AIJELETH SHAHAR [A juh leth SHAY har] (deer of the dawn) — probably the name of a specific tune used with Psalm 22. ...
AIJELETH SHAHAR [A juh leth SHAY har] (deer of the dawn) — probably the name of a specific tune used with Psalm 22. ...
AIN [ane] (fountain) — the name of two cities in the Old Testament:
1. A place in northwest Canaan (Num. 34:11).
2. A city...
AIR — the atmosphere or the region through which the birds fly. “Speaking into the air” (1 Cor. 14:9) means to waste one's breath, ...
AJAH [A jah] (hawk) — a son of Zibeon (Gen. 36:24; 1 Chr. 1:40
AKAN [A ken] — a son of Ezer and grandson of Seir the Horite (Gen. 36:27). Akan is also called JAAKAN (
AKELDAMA [ah kell DA mah] (field of blood) — a field located outside the walls of Jerusalem. According to Matthew, this field was purchased by the chief priests with the 30 pieces of silver they paid to Judas for betr...
AKKUB [ACK kub] — the name of four men in the Old Testament:
1. A son of Elioenai, a descendant of Zerubbabel and of King David (1 Chr. 3:24
AKRABBIM, ASCENT OF [ack RAB im] (scorpions) — an ascending slope and mountain pass located on the southeast border of Judah near the Dead Sea and the Wilderness of Zin (
AKRABBIM, ASCENT OF [ack RAB im] (scorpions) — an ascending slope and mountain pass located on the southeast border of Judah near the Dead Sea and the Wilderness of Zin (
AL TASHCHETH [al TASH keth] (do not destroy) — a phrase found in the titles of Psalms 57,
ALABASTER (see MINERALS OF THE BIBLE).
ALAMMELECH [al LAM eh leck] (oak of a king) — a town of the tribe of Asher (Josh. 19:26).
ALAMOTH [AL ah mohth] (probably sopranos) — a musical term of uncertain meaning (1 Chr. 15:20;
ALARM — a warning signal, usually sounded among the Israelites by the blowing of two silver trumpets. The trumpets were sounded when the people were to assemble, disperse, march into battle, or gather for feasts and festivals ...
ALEMETH [AL eh meth] — the name of one town and two men:
1. A priestly town of the tribe of Benjamin near Geba and Anathoth (1 Chr. 6:60)...
ALEPH [AH lef] — the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet, used as a heading over Psalm 119:1–8. In the original Hebre...
ALEXANDER [EH leg zan dur] (defender of men) — the name of five or six men in the Bible:
1. Alexander III (the Great), son of Philip II (King of Macedon) and founder of the Hellenistic (Greek) Empire. He was bor...
ALEXANDRIA [eh leg ZAN drih uh] — the capital of Egypt during the Greek and Roman periods. Situated on the Mediterranean Sea at the western edge of the Nile delta, the city was established by Alexander the Great when he conque...
ALEXANDRIANS [eh leg ZAN drih un] — residents of the city of ALEXANDRIA (in Egypt). Certain Alexandrians at Jerusalem, who belonged to the “Synagogue of the Freedmen” (
ALGUM (see PLANTS OF THE BIBLE).
ALIAH [